Aktivitas antijamur hidrogel dari kitosancangkang kerang simping (Amusium Pleuronectes) terhadap Malassezia Furfur
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Limbah cangkang Amusium pleuronectes dikaji sebagai sumber kitosan untuk sediaan hidrogel topikal dengan aktivitas terhadap Malassezia furfur. Kitosan diisolasi melalui deproteinasi, demineralisasi, depigmentasi, dan deasetilasi alkalis, dikarakterisasi menggunakan spektroskopi inframerah transformasi Fourier, kemudian diformulasikan menjadi hidrogel dengan konsentrasi nominal 2%, 4%, dan 6%, disertai basis tanpa kitosan sebagai kontrol. Sifat fisik dievaluasi selama 21 hari, sedangkan aktivitas antijamur diuji menggunakan metode difusi sumuran. Rendemen bahan hasil isolasi sebesar 24,30% terhadap massa cangkang awal, dengan estimasi derajat deasetilasi sekitar 77%. Seluruh formula mempertahankan penampilannya tanpa pemisahan fase yang terlihat. Pada seluruh formula dan waktu pengamatan, pH berkisar 4,55–6,09, diameter daya sebar 5,1–5,8 cm, daya lekat 1,11–1,61 detik, dan viskositas tampak 31.310–38.180 cP; pH, daya lekat, serta viskositas menurun selama penyimpanan. Rata-rata zona hambat hidrogel 2%, 4%, dan 6% berturut-turut sebesar 11,57 ± 0,21; 13,33 ± 0,15; dan 15,00 ± 0,10 mm, masing-masing berdasarkan tiga pembacaan. Basis tidak menghasilkan zona hambat, sedangkan nilai pembanding ketokonazol sebesar 21,3 mm. Formula 6% menunjukkan penghambatan in vitro terbesar di antara hidrogel kitosan yang diuji, sementara perubahan sifat fisik menunjukkan perlunya optimalisasi formulasi lebih lanjut.
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