Aktivitas Antidiabetes Infusa Buah Mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia L.) pada Mencit Jantan terinduksi Aloksan
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Buah mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) digunakan secara tradisional untuk diabetes, namun bukti in vivo untuk infusa berbasis air masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi aktivitas antihiperglikemik infusa mengkudu terstandar pada mencit jantan hiperglikemia terinduksi aloksan. Simplisia buah mengkudu dikendalikan mutunya sesuai Farmakope Herbal Indonesia. Mencit diinduksi aloksan 140 mg/kgBB (i.p.) dan diacak (n=5/kelompok) menjadi kontrol negatif (Na-CMC 0,5%), metformin 1,3 mg/20 g BB, serta infusa dosis rendah 103, normal 123, dan tinggi 144 mg/20 g BB selama 21 hari yang dibagi dua kali pemberian per hari. Glukosa darah puasa diukur sebelum induksi, hari ke-0, serta hari ke-7, 14, dan 21. Uji t berpasangan digunakan untuk perbandingan intra-kelompok, sedangkan perbandingan antar kelompok menggunakan ANOVA satu arah dengan uji Levene (Tukey HSD) dan Welch sebagai analisis sensitivitas. Skrining fitokimia menunjukkan alkaloid, saponin, triterpenoid, dan flavonoid. Semua kelompok mengalami penurunan signifikan dari Hari-0 ke Hari-21 (p<0,05). Penurunan dari Hari-0 ke Hari-14 pada dosis normal sebesar 45,7% (172,8 menjadi 93,8 mg/dL), dibanding 33,3% pada metformin (134,0 menjadi 89,4 mg/dL). Hingga Hari-21, penurunan sebesar 48,3–49,6% pada dosis normal/tinggi dan 36,4% pada metformin. Perbedaan antar kelompok terlihat pada Hari-7 dan Hari-14, namun tidak pada Hari-21 (p>0,05). Infusa mengkudu terstandar menunjukkan aktivitas antihiperglikemik pada model aloksan; konfirmasi mekanisme, luaran metabolik tambahan, dan uji keamanan subkronis masih diperlukan sebelum relevansi klinis pada manusia dapat disimpulkan.
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