Kejadian Drug-Related Problems Pada Pasien Rawat Inap dengan Diabetes Melitus Berdasarkan Kriteria PCNE : Literatur Review
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Penyakit kronis tidak menular seperti diabetes melitus (DM) menjadi beban kesehatan utama di seluruh dunia. Dalam pengobatan pasien DM, penggunaan obat jangka panjang menjadi tak terhindarkan dan meningkatkan risiko terjadinya Drug-Related Problems (DRPs). Adanya DRP dapat mempengaruhi efektivitas terapi dan risiko efek samping pada pasien DM rawat inap. Tujuan dari review ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi berbagai studi yang telah dilakukan mengenai DRPs pada pasien dengan DM rawat inap berdasarkan klasifikasi Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe (PCNE). Penelusuran artikel yang relevan secara sistematis dalam 10 tahun terakhir melalui database SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, Scopus, dan PubMed. Studi yang tidak relevan, review artikel, tidak memiliki data terkait klasifikasi DRP menggunakan PCNE, atau pasienrawat jalan akan dieksklusi. Hasil review menemukan 4 artikel yang membahas klasifikasi DRP menggunakan PCNE pada pasien DM rawat inap. Jumlah DRP bervariasi, mulai dari 253 hingga 873 kasus. Proporsi pasien yang mengalami setidaknya satu DRP juga relatif tinggi, antara 48,1% dan 84,5%. Masalah yang paling sering muncul adalah ketidakefektifan pengobatan (P1.2), yang mencapai lebih dari separuh kasus DRPs dalam tiga studi yang dikaji, yakni sebesar 62,0%, 79,6%, dan 52,7%. Penyebab DRP paling banyak berasal dari domain patient related (C7.1) sebesar 71,85%. Domain lainnya yang menyebabkan DRP seperti domain Drug use (C6.1) sebesar 62,0%, domain lainnya (C9) sebesar 40,9%, domain drug selection (C1.6) sebesar 26%., dan domain dose selection (C3.5) sebesar 25,9%. Kejadian DRP merupakan masalah yang signifikan dalam pengelolaan diabetes melitus, terutama di lingkungan rumah sakit. Ketidakefektifan terapi merupakan masalah utama dari DRP. Tingginya DRP dari domain lainnya menunjukkan masih banyak penyebab DRP yang tidak diklasifikasikan dalam kategori PCNE secara spesifik.
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