Antibacterial Activity Test of Vinca (Catharanthus roseus) Flowers Methanol Extract Against Bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae

Abstract

Background: Pneumonia is an acute infection of the lung tissue (alveoli) which can be caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Most are caused by bacteria. Symptoms include high fever accompanied by coughing up phlegm, rapid breathing (breathing frequency >50 breaths/minute), shortness of breath, and other symptoms (headache, restlessness and decreased appetite). Objective: to determine the antibacterial activity and the best concentration of the methanol extract of the vinca flower against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria. Methods: This study was experimental research design, namely experimental activities that determined the independent and dependent variables, also the research parameters. The research phase included sampling, making simplicia, making extracts, testing the characteristics of simplias and extracts, testing the inhibition of vinca flower extract against pathogenic bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae) with a comparison of doxycycline antibiotics.. Result: the methanol extract of the vinca flower had antibacterial activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria. Where the antibacterial activity test of the methanol extract of the vinca flower on Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria showed an average inhibition zone of each concentration, namely: 10% (12.6 mm), 15% (13.26 mm), 20% (15.26 mm). And the bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae showed the average inhibition zone of each concentration was 10% (12.86 mm), 15% (13.71 mm), 20% (15.86 mm). Conclusion: was vinca flower extract has antibacterial activity and the best concentration to inhibit Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteria is a concentration of 20%.