Efektivitas Kombinasi Agen Pendeplesi Glutathione (GSH) dan Inhibitor Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) pada Resistensi Cisplatin terhadap Sel Kanker: Systematic Literature Review
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Cisplatin adalah salah satu agen kemoterapi berbasis platinum yang digunakan untuk terapi berbagai jenis kanker. Namun, penggunaan cisplatin sebagai agen kemoterapi dibatasi oleh resitensi obat dan efek samping yang terjadi karena terbentuknya metabolit inaktif dari reaksi konjugasi antara cisplatin dengan GST dan GST. Sehingga, Glutathion (GSH) dan Glutathion S-Transferase (GST) berperan penting dalam pengendalian resistensi cisplatin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji penggunaan kombinasi cisplatin dengan agen pendeplesi GSH dan inhibitor GST dalam mengatasi atau mengurangi resistensi cisplatin pada berbagai jenis sel kanker secara in vitro, serta meningkatkan aktivitas sitotoksik cisplatin. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode systematic literature review dengan penelusuran pustaka terhadap dua database internasional, PubMed dan Science Direct dengan interval tahun publikasi 2013-2024. Dari 15 jurnal terpilih, terdapat berbagai agen pendeplesi GSH dan GST yang mampu meningkatkan efek sitotoksik terhadap cisplatin yang dianalisis berdasarkan data jumlah GSH dan GST dalam sel terukur dan jumlah sel hidup (% viabilitas sel) yang memberikan hasil penurunan yang signifikan. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan gambaran terkait pengembangan terapi pada kanker dengan penggunaan cisplatin sebagai obat kemoterapi.
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