Hubungan human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) dengan kejadian penyakit kardiovaskular: konsistenkah bukti yang ada?
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Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) dan Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) merupakan tantangan global yang berkelanjutan di bidang kesehatan. Tinjauan pustaka ini mengevaluasi hubungan antara infeksi HIV dan kejadian penyakit kardiovaskular. Pada tinjauan pustaka yang dilaksanakan menggambarkan hasil dari 16 studi observasional. Temuan utama melibatkan peningkatan risiko hipertensi, penyakit jantung koroner, henti jantung mendadak, dan faktor risiko kardiovaskular umum pada pasien HIV. Selain itu, efek samping dari terapi antiretroviral juga menjadi sorotan, termasuk pengaruh spesifik dari jenis obat tertentu. Jenis kelamin pasien HIV/AIDS juga memainkan peran dalam profil risiko kardiovaskular. Studi ini merinci mekanisme patofisiologis, seperti aktivasi imunitas dan inflamasi, yang terlibat dalam peningkatan risiko kardiovaskular pada individu dengan HIV/AIDS. Telaah literatur ini mempertegas pentingnya pemahaman menyeluruh terhadap dampak kesehatan kardiovaskular pada populasi HIV/AIDS serta memberi gambaran pelaksanaan terapi yang tepat untuk mencegah perburukan status kardiovaskular pasien.
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