Potensi Interaksi Obat pada Pasien Medical Intensive Care Unit di Rumah Sakit Swasta Jawa Tengah, Indonesia
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Potential drug–drug interactions (pDDIs) merupakan salah satu masalah terkait obat yang sering terjadi pada pasien kritis akibat kompleksitas terapi dan penggunaan berbagai jenis obat, namun data mengenai pDDIs pada pasien di unit perawatan intensif (Intensive Care Unit/ICU) di Indonesia masih terbatas. Penelitian cross-sectional prospektif ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi prevalensi, tingkat keparahan, dan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pDDIs pada pasien ICU di Rumah Sakit Islam Kendal, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian melibatkan 100 pasien yang dirawat selama periode Juni–Juli 2025 menggunakan teknik total sampling. Data penggunaan obat diperoleh dari rekam medis elektronik dan diidentifikasi menggunakan basis data DrugBank®. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif, dilanjutkan dengan uji chi-square dan regresi logistik biner. Seluruh pasien (100%) mengalami sedikitnya satu pDDI, dengan total 4.938 pDDIs yang berasal dari 50 pasangan interaksi obat. Interaksi kategori moderat merupakan yang paling dominan (66,5%), diikuti oleh minor (23,4%) dan mayor (10,1%), dengan distribusi tingkat keparahan yang berbeda secara bermakna (χ² = 2.577,38; p < 0,001). Pasangan obat fentanyl–ranitidin merupakan interaksi yang paling sering ditemukan. Analisis regresi logistik biner menunjukkan bahwa kategori usia merupakan satu-satunya prediktor independen kejadian pDDIs mayor (OR = 3,531; IK95%: 1,564–7,975; p = 0,003), sedangkan jenis kelamin dan lama rawat ICU tidak berhubungan secara bermakna. Temuan ini menunjukkan tingginya beban pDDIs pada pasien ICU dan menegaskan pentingnya skrining interaksi obat secara sistematis serta penguatan peran farmasis klinis untuk meningkatkan keselamatan pasien.
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Referensi
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