Pengaruh Penggantian Sikat Gigi Segera Setelah Scaling and Root Planing terhadap Kadar Streptococcus sanguinis Saliva pada Pasien Gingivitis
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Gingivitis merupakan kondisi inflamasi yang berhubungan dengan akumulasi biofilm mikroba. Scaling and root planing (SRP) merupakan terapi utama untuk mengurangi beban mikroba, namun kolonisasi ulang bakteri dapat terjadi setelah perawatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh penggantian sikat gigi sebagai intervensi tambahan perawatan mandiri setelah SRP terhadap kadar Streptococcus sanguinis saliva pada pasien gingivitis. Penelitian eksperimental dengan desain pretest–posttest intervention study dilakukan pada 36 pasien gingivitis yang dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol dan intervensi (masing-masing 18 subjek). Seluruh subjek mendapatkan terapi SRP, sedangkan kelompok intervensi diberikan sikat gigi baru setelah SRP. Pemeriksaan Streptococcus sanguinis saliva dilakukan menggunakan metode quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), serta evaluasi klinis menggunakan Gingival Index (GI) dan Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan signifikan nilai GI dan OHI-S pada kedua kelompok setelah SRP (p < 0,001). Jumlah S. sanguinis pada kelompok kontrol menurun dari 4,94 ± 0,13 menjadi 4,93 ± 0,12 (Δ -0,01; p = 0,863), sedangkan kelompok intervensi menurun dari 4,83 ± 0,23 menjadi 4,76 ± 0,14 (Δ -0,07; p = 0,367). Perbandingan pascaintervensi menunjukkan jumlah S. sanguinis lebih rendah pada kelompok penggantian sikat gigi dibandingkan kontrol (4.76 ± 0.14 vs. 4.93 ± 0.12; mean difference = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.07–0.26; p = 0.001). Penggantian sikat gigi setelah SRP berpotensi menjadi intervensi pendukung dalam perawatan gingivitis dengan memberikan efek tambahan terhadap pengendalian kolonisasi mikroba dan pemeliharaan kesehatan periodontal.
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