Determinan Perilaku Kepatuhan Minum Obat pada Pasien Hipertensi Usia Produktif di Pelayanan Kesehatan Primer: Scoping Review
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Latar Belakang: Hipertensi merupakan masalah kesehatan global utama dan faktor risiko penting penyakit kardiovaskular. Meskipun obat antihipertensi tersedia secara luas, kepatuhan minum obat masih menjadi tantangan utama dalam mencapai pengendalian tekanan darah yang optimal, khususnya pada pasien usia produktif. Tujuan: Scoping review ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mensintesis bukti ilmiah mengenai determinan perilaku kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien hipertensi usia produktif (18–59 tahun) di pelayanan kesehatan primer. Metode: Review ini mengikuti kerangka Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) dan pedoman PRISMA-ScR. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada basis data PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar untuk artikel yang dipublikasikan pada tahun 2016–2026. Studi yang melibatkan partisipan usia produktif (18–59 tahun) dan membahas determinan kepatuhan terhadap obat antihipertensi dimasukkan ke dalam ulasan. Hasil: Sebanyak 14 studi memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kepatuhan pengobatan pada pasien hipertensi usia produktif dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, yaitu karakteristik sosiodemografi (usia, pendidikan, status ekonomi), efikasi diri, literasi kesehatan, faktor terkait terapi (kompleksitas regimen, efek samping), dukungan sistem pelayanan kesehatan (komunikasi efektif, konseling), dukungan sosial, serta intervensi kesehatan digital (aplikasi seluler, pengingat elektronik). Kesimpulan: Perilaku kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien hipertensi usia produktif bersifat multidimensional. Diperlukan strategi komprehensif dan terintegrasi yang mencakup edukasi pasien, peningkatan efikasi diri dan literasi kesehatan, penyederhanaan regimen terapi, penguatan komunikasi tenaga kesehatan, serta pemanfaatan intervensi berbasis teknologi untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan jangka panjang dan pengendalian tekanan darah.
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