Optimasi Formula Gel Fraksi Teraktif Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) Sebagai Antioksidan Topikal
Bilah Samping Artikel
Isi Artikel Utama
Page: 2472-2483
Abstrak
Latar belakang: Senyawa flavonoid dan vitamin C dari buah mengkudu berpotensi sebagai antioksidan. Bau kurang sedap, tekstur lembek, dan rasa tidak enak buah mengkudu diminimalisir melalui proses fraksinasi dan diformulasikan menjadi sediaan gel diharapkan dapat meningkatkan daya penerimaan buah mengkudu di masyarakat. Tujuan: mengetahui formula gel fraksi teraktif buah mengkudu teroptimum dengan variasi HPMC, karbopol 940, serta propilen glikol melalui parameter kritis viskositas, pH, dan aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode Simplex Lattice Design. Metode: ekstraksi yang digunakan adalah maserasi dan dilanjutkan dengan proses fraksinasi. Uji sifat fisik meliputi organoleptis, homogenitas, viskositas, daya lekat, daya sebar, dan pH. Penetapan nilai IC50 antioksidan dengan DPPH menggunakan spektofotemeter UV-Vis. Hasil statistik data yang diperoleh diolah menggunakan Anova, Wilcoxon dan T-one sample. Hasil: menunjukkan fraksi buah mengkudu yang mempunyai aktivitas sebagai antioksidan terbaik adalah fraksi etil asetat (20,35±0,18 ppm), variasi 13 komposisi formula gel dengan respon viskositas, pH, dan IC50 teroptimal adalah karbopol 940:HPMC 8060-M:propilen glikol (1,491:0,509:8,000). Variasi kombinasi HPMC 8060-M, karbopol 940, dan propilen glikol dalam sediaan gel fraksi teraktif buah mengkudu mempengaruhi parameter kritis viskositas, pH, dan aktivitas antioksidan. Kesimpulan: fraksi etil asetat memiliki aktivitas antioksidan terbaik dan komposisi formula gel teroptimal adalah karbopol 940:HPMC 8060-M:propilen glikol (1.491:0.509:8.000) yang diprediksi dengan nilai desirability sangat tinggi (0.917) dan telah divalidasi.
Unduhan
Rincian Artikel
Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Referensi
Kurniawan YR, Santoni A, Suryati S. Determination Of Secondary Metabolite Content, Total Phenolic Antioxidant Test, and Toxicity Of Ulin Leaf Extract (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teijsm. & Binn). Akta Kim Indones 2022;7:91. https://doi.org/10.12962/j25493736.v7i2.14346. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12962/j25493736.v7i2.14346
Jeyabalan S, Subramanian K, Cheekala UMR, Krishnan C. In vitro & ex vivo Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory Activity of Morinda citrifolia Linn ( Noni ) Fruit Extract 2017;9:900–5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5530/pj.2017.6.141
Meilawati L, Ernawati T, Dewi RT, Megawati M, Sukirno S. Study of Total Phenolic, Total Flavonoid, Scopoletin Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Extract of Ripened Noni Juice. J Kim Terap Indones 2021;23:55–62. https://doi.org/10.14203/inajac.v23i2.480. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14203/inajac.v23i2.480
Samarasinghe HGAS, Illeperuma DCK, Gunathilake KDPP. An Assessment of the Bioactive Compounds and the Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antidiabetic Potential of Hydro-Methanolic Extracts Derived from Fresh Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) Fruits Growing in Sri Lanka 2023:12. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods2023-15095. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/Foods2023-15095
Simamora A, Santoso AW, Timotius KH. Α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Effect of Fermented Fruit Juice of Morinda Citrifolia L and Combination Effect With Acarbose. Curr Res Nutr Food Sci 2019;7:218–26. https://doi.org/10.12944/CRNFSJ.7.1.21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12944/CRNFSJ.7.1.21
Nugraheni ER, Adriani GR, Munawaroh H. Antibacterial Activity of Ethyl Acetate the Extract of Noni Fruit (Morinda citrifolia L.) Against Bacterial Spoilage in Fish. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng 2017;193. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/193/1/012019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/193/1/012019
Barnes TM, Mijaljica D, Townley JP, Spada F, Harrison IP. Vehicles for drug delivery and cosmetic moisturizers: Review and comparison. Pharmaceutics 2021;13. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13122012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13122012
Afianti HP, Murrukmihadi M. Pengaruh Variasi Kadar Gelling Agent Antibakteri Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Kemangi (Ocimum basilicum L . forma citratum Back .) Influence of Variation Levels HPMC As Gelling Agent Againts Physical Properties and Antibacterial Activity of Preparat. Maj Farm 2015;11:307–15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v11i2.24121.
Suryani S, Nafisah A, Mana’an S. Optimasi Formula Gel Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol Buah Bligo (Benincasa hispida) dengan Metode Simplex Lattice Design (SLD). J Farm Galen (Galenika J Pharmacy) 2017;3:150–6. https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.0.v0.i0.8815. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22487/j24428744.0.v0.i0.8815
Hidayati R, Saptarini O, Kuncahyo I. Optimization of HPMC K15M, Carbopol 940, and Propylen Glikol in The Naringenin Nanoemulgel Formula D-Optimal Mixture Design Method. J Farm Indones 2022;19:236–45. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33024/jfm.v7i1.11439. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33024/jfm.v7i1.11439
Farmakope Herbal Indonesia. Herbal Indonesia Herbal. II. Kemenkes RI; 2017.
Wigati D, Anwar K, Sudarsono, Nugroho AE. Hypotensive Activity of Ethanolic Extracts of Morinda citrifolia L. Leaves and Fruit in Dexamethasone-Induced Hypertensive Rat. J Evidence-Based Complement Altern Med 2017;22:107–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/2156587216653660. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2156587216653660
Rabima S. Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi Identifikasi Senyawa Sitotoksik dalam Ekstrak Kloroform Daun. J Kim Sains Dan Apl 2019;22:206–12. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.22.5.206-212 Art. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14710/jksa.22.5.206-212
Rabima, Harlim L, Sogandi. Bioactive compound analysis and antioxidant activity of endophytic bacterial extract from Noni fruits (Morinda citrifolia L.). IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci 2020;475. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/475/1/012077. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/475/1/012077
Maspiyah M, Ruhana A. Noni Fruit (Morinda citrifolia L) Extract As Traditional Body Scrub For Skin Care 2018;112:147–50. https://doi.org/10.2991/iconhomecs-17.2018.35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/iconhomecs-17.2018.35
Daud NS, Suryanti E. Formulasi Emulgel Antijerawat Minyak Nilam (Patchouli oil) Menggunakan Tween 80 dan Span 80 sebagai Pengemulsi dan HPMC sebagai Basis Gel. J Mandala Pharmacon Indones 2017;3:90–5. https://doi.org/10.35311/jmpi.v3i02.3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35311/jmpi.v3i02.3
Tambunan S, Sulaiman TNS. Formulasi gel minyak atsiri sereh dengan basis HPMC dan karbopol. Maj Farm 2018;14:87–95.
Sari EN. Pengaruh Variasi Konsentrasi HPMC Terhadap Mutu Fisik Emulgel Ekstrak Etanol 70% Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) Sebagai Antioksidan. Universitas Setia Budi, 2021.
Landari IGAAD, Kusumawati IGAW, Nursini NW, Yogeswara IBA. Profil Senyawa Flavonoid Ekstrak Buah Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia L.) Dengan Berbagai Metode Pengeringan. J Teknol Pertan Andalas 2023;27:7. https://doi.org/10.25077/jtpa.27.1.7-16.2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25077/jtpa.27.1.7-16.2023
Daud A, Suriati S, Nuzulyanti N. Kajian Penerapan Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Akurasi Penentuan Kadar Air Metode Thermogravimetri. Lutjanus 2020;24:11–6. https://doi.org/10.51978/jlpp.v24i2.79. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51978/jlpp.v24i2.79
Priamsari MR, Rokhana A, Id MC, Tinggi S, Farmasi I, Semarang N, et al. In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of The Ethanolic Extract Of Morinda Citrifolia L. Leaves Against Streptococcus Pyogenes. J Pharm 2020;9:15–20. https://doi.org/10.37013/jf.v9i2.105. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37013/jf.v9i2.105
Rahmati RA, Lestari T, Ruswanto. Penetapan Kadar Total Flavonoid Ekstrak Etanol dan Fraksi Daun Saliara (Lantana camara L.) Dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-VIS. J Repos IIK Bakti Tunas Husada Tasikmalaya 2020.
Chasanah, Mahmintari, Hidayah, Maghfiroh E, Rahmasari, Nugraheni W. Thin-layer Hydration Method to Prepare a Green Tea Extract Niosomal Gel and Its Antioxidant Performance. J Eur Pharm 2016;68:126–36. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.2478/afpuc-2021-0011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/afpuc-2021-0011
Arista N, Siregar RM. Antioxidant Activity Test of Barangan Banana Peel (Musa Acuminata Linn) Etanol Extract With DPPH Method. Indones J Chem Sci Technol 2023;06:171–8. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24114/ijcst.v6i2.49373. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24114/ijcst.v6i2.49373
Ruhomally Z, Somanah J, Bahorun T, Neergheen-Bhujun VS. Morinda citrifolia L. fruit extracts modulates H2O2-induced oxidative stress in human liposarcoma SW872 cells. J Tradit Complement Med 2016;6:299–304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2015.09.003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtcme.2015.09.003
Wahyuni IT, Setiarso P. Karakterisasi Elektrokimia Ekstrak Klorofil dari Daun Salam (Syzgium polyanthum) pada pH Basa sebagai Sensitizer pada Dye Sensitized Solar Cell (DSSC). ALCHEMYJournal Chem 2022;10:41–7. https://doi.org/10.18860/al.v10i2.14109. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18860/al.v10i2.14109
Sudjono TA. Pengaruh Konsentrasi Gelling Agent Carbomer 934 dan HPMC Pada Formulasi Gel Lendir Bekicot (Achatina fulica) Terhadap Kecepatan Penyembuhan Luka Bakar Pada Punggung Kelinci. Pharmacon J Farm Indones 2015;13:6–11. https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v13i1.20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23917/pharmacon.v13i1.20
Punitha S, Uvarani R, Panneerselvam A. Effect of pH in aqueous (Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose) polymer solution. Results Mater 2020;7:100120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinma.2020.100120. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rinma.2020.100120
Wahyuni S, Taufik L, Mustariani BAA. Uji Karakteristik Sediaan Masker Gel Peel-Off Berbahan Dasar Ekstrak Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) dan Madu Hutan Terhadap Kualitas Kulit Wajah. SPIN J Kim Pendidik Kim 2021;3:165–76. https://doi.org/10.20414/spin.v3i2.3909. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20414/spin.v3i2.3909
Arifin A, Intan I, Ida N. Formulasi dan Uji Stabilitas Fisik Gel Antijerawat Ekstrak Etanol Daun Suruhan (Peperomia pellucida L.). J Ilm Ibnu Sina Ilmu Farm Dan Kesehat 2022;7:280–9. https://doi.org/10.36387/jiis.v7i2.908. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36387/jiis.v7i2.908
Safitri FI, Nawangsari D, Febrina D. Overview: Application of Carbopol 940 in Gel. Proc Int Conf Heal Med Sci 202 2021;34:80–4. https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.210127.018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.210127.018
Dejeu IL, Vicaș LG, Vlaia LL, Jurca T, Mureșan ME, Pallag A, et al. Study for Evaluation of Hydrogels after the Incorporation of Liposomes Embedded with Caffeic Acid. Pharmaceuticals 2022;15. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15020175. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ph15020175
Tsabitah AF, Zulkarnain AK, Wahyuningsih MSH, Nugrahaningsih DAA. Optimasi Carbomer, Propilen Glikol, dan Trietanolamin Dalam Formulasi Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kembang Bulan (Tithonia diversifolia). Maj Farm 2020;16:111. https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v16i2.45666. DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/farmaseutik.v16i2.45666
Pertiwi RD, Alfiyah S, Hurit HE. Optimasi dan Formulasi Kombinasi Karbopol 940 dan HPMC terhadap Sifat Fisik Ekstrak Etanol 96% Gel Daun Kayu Putih (Melaleuca leucadendra L.) dengan Metode Simplex Lattice Design (SLD). Arch Pharm 2023;5:35–49. https://doi.org/10.47007/ap.v5i1.6356. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47007/ap.v5i1.6356
Rahayu T, Fudholi A, Fitria A. Optimasi Formulasi Gel Ekstrak Daun Tembakau (Nicotiana Tabacum) Dengan Variasi Kadar Karbopol 940 Dan TEA Menggunakan Metode Simplex Lattice Design (Sld). J Ilm Farm 2016;12:22–34. https://doi.org/10.20885/jif.vol12.iss1.art3. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20885/jif.vol12.iss1.art3
Hajrin W, Subaidah WA, Juliantoni Y, Wirasisya DG. Application of Simplex Lattice Design Method on The Optimisation of Deodorant Roll-on Formula of Ashitaba (Angelica keiskei). J Biol Trop 2021;21:501–9. https://doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2717. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29303/jbt.v21i2.2717
Vikaliana R, Pujianto A, Mulyati A, Fika R. Ragam Penelitian dengan SPSS. Pertama. Jawa Tengah: Tahta Media Group; 2022.