Hubungan Lama Perawatan dengan Outcome Tekanan Darah dan Proteinuria pada Preeklampsia Berat
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Preeklampsia berat merupakan komplikasi obstetri utama yang berhubungan dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas maternal serta perinatal. Lama rawat inap dapat memengaruhi outcome klinis, termasuk tekanan darah dan proteinuria, terutama pada pasien yang menerima terapi antihipertensi dengan nifedipin atau metildopa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai hubungan antara lama rawat inap dengan perubahan tekanan darah sistolik dan diastolik serta proteinuria pada pasien dengan preeklampsia berat yang menerima terapi nifedipin atau metildopa. Penelitian retrospektif ini dilakukan menggunakan rekam medis pasien yang didiagnosis preeklampsia berat dan dirawat di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang, antara Januari hingga Desember 2023. Pasien dibagi menjadi dua kelompok berdasarkan lama rawat inap: <5 hari dan ≥5 hari. Semua pasien menerima monoterapi dengan nifedipin atau metildopa. Data demografi, parameter klinis, dan lama rawat inap dikumpulkan. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji t independen dan uji Mann–Whitney, dengan tingkat signifikansi p<0,05. Dari 60 pasien yang termasuk sampel, 44 pasien (73,3%) dirawat ≥5 hari, sedangkan 16 pasien (26,7%) <5 hari. Pasien dengan lama rawat inap ≥5 hari mengalami penurunan tekanan darah sistolik yang lebih besar secara signifikan (40,93 mmHg vs. 29,00 mmHg, p=0,025) dan proteinuria (23.06 vs 33.20, p=0,031) dibandingkan kelompok <5 hari. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan signifikan pada penurunan tekanan darah diastolik (p=0,128).
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