Determinan Kejadian Hipertensi pada Masyarakat Pedesaan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Simarmata Kecamatan Simanindo Kabupaten Samosir 2024
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Latar Belakang: Hipertensi merupakan masalah kesehatan global utama dan faktor risiko signifikan untuk penyakit kardiovaskular dan ginjal. Data dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Samosir tahun 2022 menunjukkan prevalensi hipertensi yang tinggi (30%) pada orang dewasa di Kecamatan Simanindo, yang mengindikasikan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang serius di tingkat lokal. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan yang berhubungan dengan kejadian hipertensi di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Simarmata, Kecamatan Simanindo, Kabupaten Samosir. Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross-sectional dilakukan. Sampel sebanyak 95 responden dipilih secara proporsional dari empat desa. Data Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT), konsumsi alkohol, kebiasaan merokok, dan pola makan dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan pengukuran. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-square dan regresi logistik multivariat. Hasil: Analisis menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara hipertensi dengan IMT (p=0,000), konsumsi alkohol (p=0,000), kebiasaan merokok (p=0,000), dan pola makan (p=0,018). Analisis multivariat menidentifikasi kebiasaan merokok sebagai faktor paling dominan, dimana perokok memiliki odds 9,758 kali lebih tinggi untuk menderita hipertensi (Exp(B) = 9,758; 95% CI: 2,697–35,303). Kesimpulan: Kebiasaan merokok merupakan determinan paling dominan terhadap kejadian hipertensi pada masyarakat di wilayah ini. Disarankan kepada kepala Puskesmas Simarmata untuk meningkatkan peran tenaga kesehatan dalam melakukan pendidikan kesehatan, khususnya tentang bahaya merokok dan dampaknya terhadap hipertensi, untuk menurunkan kejadian hipertensi.
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