Bioaktivitas dan Efek Kesehatan Bawang Hitam terhadap Enzim Reduktase Hidroksi Metilglutaril-KoA Pada Tikus Putih Jantan Obesitas
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Obesitas merupakan kondisi ketidaknormalan atau kelebihan akumulasi lemak pada jaringan adiposa. HMG-CoA reductase merupakan enzim yang dapat mengkatalisis HMG-CoA menjadi mevalonate yang diperlukan dalam biosintesis kolesterol. Penghambatan terhadap enzim HMG-CoA reductase merupakan mekanisme target obat yang efektif untuk mengatasi dyslipidemia adalah black garlic yang tinggi antioksidan seperti SAC, flavonoid, dan polifenol. Penelitian ini menguji bioaktivitas dan efek kesehatan bawang hitam terhadap aktivitas enzim HMG-CoA reduktase. Jenis penelitian experimental pada hewan coba tikus jantan dengan desain penelitian post-test control only group design. Sampel dalam penelitian ini hewan coba sebanyak 25 ekor yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok yaitu kelompok kontrol negetif dengan diet normal, kelompok kontrol positive dengan diet tinggi lemak, kelompok perlakuan 1 dengan diet tinggi lemak dan black garlic dosis 200 mg/ekor tikus, kelompok perlakuan 2 dengan tinggi lemak dan diet black garlic dosis 400 mg/ekor tikus, dan kelompok perlakuan 3 diberikan diet tinggi lemak dan black garlic dosis 800 mg/ekor tikus. Hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai rata-rata dan standar deviasi HMG-CoA pada kelompok K1 negatif 1.044 dan 0,088, kelompok K2 positif 2.136 dan 0,487, kelompok P1 1.292 dan 0,194, kelompok P2 1.296 dan 0,206 dan kelompok P3 1.201 dan 0,201 nmol/min/mg protein. Berdasarkan hasil uji hipotesis, signifikansi dari lima kelompok tersebut sebesar 0.004 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan atau nyata bermakna rata-rata HMG-CoA pada kelompok kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, perlakuan 1, perlakuan 2, dan perlakuan 3. Bawang hitam secara signifikan menurunkan aktivitas enzim HMG-CoA reduktase pada tikus dengan diet tinggi lemak, sehingga mendukung potensinya sebagai agen terapi alami untuk manajemen dislipidemia.
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