Pengaruh tablet hisap probiotik Lactobacillus reuteri terhadap jumlah bakteri Porphyromonas gingivalis pada pengguna ortodonti cekat
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Pemakaian alat ortodonti cekat meningkatkan retensi plak dan dapat mengganggu ekosistem mikroba oral sehingga meningkatkan kerentanan terhadap inflamasi periodontal. Porphyromonas gingivalis merupakan patogen periodontal kunci, sedangkan Lactobacillus reuteri telah dikembangkan sebagai strategi probiotik tambahan. Uji klinis acak terkontrol ini mengevaluasi pengaruh tablet hisap probiotik L. reuteri terhadap jumlah P. gingivalis saliva pada pengguna ortodonti cekat. Sebanyak 38 mahasiswa kedokteran gigi berusia 18–25 tahun dianalisis (19 subjek per kelompok). Kelompok probiotik mengonsumsi satu tablet hisap L. reuteri setiap malam selama 14 hari, sedangkan kelompok kontrol menerima edukasi kebersihan mulut terstandar. Saliva tidak terstimulasi dikumpulkan pada awal dan setelah intervensi, kemudian dikuantifikasi dengan quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Median (IQR) jumlah P. gingivalis menurun dari 10.503.530 (34.139.942) menjadi 7.855.643 (15.907.250) copy/mL pada kelompok kontrol dan dari 10.329.601 (20.433.321) menjadi 8.144.486 (11.820.528) copy/mL pada kelompok probiotik. Perbedaan perubahan antar kelompok tidak bermakna (Mann–Whitney U, Z = −0,131; p = 0,895; r = 0,02), meskipun penurunan intra-kelompok bermakna pada kelompok probiotik (p = 0,027) maupun kontrol (p = 0,033). Pemberian tablet hisap L. reuteri selama 14 hari tidak memberikan penurunan tambahan jumlah P. gingivalis saliva dibandingkan edukasi kebersihan mulut saja.
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