Evaluation of the Nephroprotective Effect of Cherry Fruit (Muntingia calabura L.) Extract on Creatinine Levels in Gentamicin-Induced White Rats.
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Page: 1760-1766
Abstract
Introduction: Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic, is widely used for severe Gram-negative bacterial infections but poses a significant risk of nephrotoxicity, characterized by elevated serum creatinine levels. Muntingia calabura L. (cherry fruit) contains bioactive compounds with potential nephroprotective properties. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the nephroprotective effect of cherry fruit extract on serum creatinine levels in gentamicin-induced white rats. Methods: An experimental post-test only control group design was employed using 25 male Wistar rats divided into five groups: normal control (K1), gentamicin control (K2), and treatment groups receiving gentamicin plus cherry fruit extract at doses of 100 (K3), 200 (K4), and 400 (K5) mg/kgBW. Gentamicin (100 mg/kgBW/day) was administered intraperitoneally for 7 days, while the extract was given orally for the same period. Serum creatinine levels were measured using the Jaffe method and analyzed using One-way ANOVA. Results: Serum creatinine levels in the gentamicin control group were 0.64 ± 0.09 mg/dL, while treatment groups K3, K4, and K5 showed levels of 0.62 ± 0.09, 0.61 ± 0.06, and 0.59 ± 0.10 mg/dL, respectively. Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences among groups (p > 0.05). A dose-dependent decreasing trend was observed, with the 400 mg/kgBW dose showing the lowest creatinine level, approaching the normal control value (0.55 ± 0.05 mg/dL). Conclusion: Cherry fruit extract demonstrated a tendency toward nephroprotective effects, indicated by dose-dependent reduction in serum creatinine levels; however, the effect was not statistically significant. Further research incorporating additional parameters, including BUN, renal histopathology, and oxidative stress biomarkers, is necessary to confirm its nephroprotective potential.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Wahyuni E, Rahmawati L, Hidhayanti HN, Dewi NV, Mayasari D. Peningkatan Pengetahuan Diet Nutrisi Dan Cairan Melalui Edukasi Kesehatan 2024;5:181–90.
Nasution MZ, Sikumbang ES, Gurning FP. Analisis Tren Penyakit Gagal Ginjal Kronik Peserta BPJS dan Dampaknya pada Pembiayaan Kesehatan Indonesia Analysis of Chronic Kidney Disease Trends Among BPJS Participants and Their Impact on Indonesia ’ s Health Financing System 2025;8:4308–17. https://doi.org/10.56338/jks.v8i7.7798.
Kusuma PW, Sudira IW, Berata IK, Merdana IM. Perubahan Histopatologi Ginjal Tikus Putih yang Diberikan Ekstrak Etanol Sarang Semut dan Gentamisin Dosis Toksik 2020;9:466–74. https://doi.org/10.24843/imv.2020.v09.i03.p16.
Taruna A, Sjahriani T, Marek YA, Ilmu B, Dalam P, Abdul RH, et al. Hubungan Kejadian Diabetes Mellitus dengan Derajat Penyakit Ginjal Kronik Berdasarkan Laju Filtrasi Gromerulus ( LFG ) Di Rumah Sakit Pertamina Bintang Amin Bandar Lampung Tahun 2016 Staff Pengajar , Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Malahayati Correlation 2020;4:0–5.
Ii E. HERBAL. 2022.
Ewunetie AT, Teferi B, Siferih M, Yimer Y, Mengstie TA, Molla TS. Evaluation of the Nephroprotective Activity of Crude Extract Root of Rumex Abyssinicus Jacq in Swiss Albino Mice With Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity : In Vivo Study 2025;2025.
Wijayanti HN, Fadhilah YN, Yuniarti WM, Lukiswanto BS, Arimbi A, Suprihati E. Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Sciences Protective effect of Moringa oleifera leaves extract against gentamicin induced hepatic and nephrotoxicity in rats 2023;37:129–35. https://doi.org/10.33899/ijvs.2022.133276.2197.
Khotimah A, Chatri M. Article Review : Potensi Tanaman Kersen ( Muntingia calabura L .) Sebagai Antioksidan Program Studi Biologi , Universitas Negeri Padang 2024;8:15822–31.
Kusumaningrum P, Sudharmono U. Effectiveness of Boiled Cherry Leaf ( muntingia calabura L ) Toward Ureum Creatinine Serum of Wistar Strain Mice with Acute RenalFailure Model 2014;7:727–40.
Argarini R, Harjanto JM, Effendi C, Herawati L, Irwadi I. High Intensity Swimming Exercise Decline Memory Retention of Young White Rats (Rattus norvegicus). ANIMA Indones Psychol J 2012;27:206–10.
Miranti IP, Wijayahadi N. Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Kersen (Muntingia Calabura) Terhadap Gambaran Mikroskopis Ginjal Tikus Wistar Jantan Yang Diinduksi Etanol Dan Soft Drink. J Kedokt Diponegoro (Diponegoro Med Journal) 2016;5:658–64.
Kusumaningrum P, Sudharmono U. Effectiveness of Boiled Cherry Leaf (muntingia calabura L) Toward Ureum Creatinine Serum of Wistar Strain Mice with Acute RenalFailure Model. 11th Int. Sch. Conf., vol. 7, 2019, p. 727–43.
Surjowardojo P, Sarwiyono IT, Ridhowi A. Quantitative and qualitative phytochemicals analysis of Muntingia calabura. Extraction 2014;4.
Rahayu D, Rahmat A, Rukhiat D. Perbandingan Kadar Kreatinin Menggunakan Sampel Serum, Plasma EDTA, Dan Plasma Sitrat Dengan Metode Jaffe Reaction. J Anal Kim 2023;7:1–4.
Sulistyowati S. Gambaran Kadar Kreatinin Serum Pada Lansia Yang Menderita Hipertensi Di Puskesmas Mojoagung Jombang 2022.
Jisha N, Vysakh A, Vijeesh V, Anand PS, Latha MS. Methanolic Extract of Muntingia calabura L. mitigates 1, 2-dimethyl hydrazine induced colon carcinogenesis in wistar rats. Nutr Cancer 2021;73:2363–75.
Zakaria ZA, Mahmood ND, Mamat SS, Nasir N, Omar MH. Endogenous antioxidant and LOX-mediated systems contribute to the hepatoprotective activity of aqueous partition of methanol extract of Muntingia calabura L. leaves against paracetamol intoxication. Front Pharmacol 2018;8:982.
Rezeki NF, Bellatasie R, Ifora I. Phytochemistry and anti-inflammatory properties of Muntingia calabura L. as a medicinal plant: A review. Int J Pharm Sci Med 2023;8:8–18.
Dewi PRP, Hairrudin H, Normasari R. Pengaruh Stres Fisik terhadap Kadar Kreatinin Serum Tikus Wistar Jantan (Rattus norvegicus)(The Effect of Physical Stress on Serum Creatinine of Male Rattus norvegicus). Pustaka Kesehat 2016;4:218–21.
Anggita GD. Pemeriksaan Kadar Kreatinin Serum Pada Sopir Bus Puspa Indah Di Garasi Bus Kecamatan Peterongan Kabupaten Jombang 2019.
Safrida S, Sabri M. Effect of Muntingia calabura L. stem bark extracts on uric acid concentration and renal histopathology in diabetic rats. Medicina (B Aires) 2019;55:695.
Rofiee MS, Yusof MIM, Hisam EEA, Bannur Z, Zakaria ZA, Somchit MN, et al. Isolating the metabolic pathways involved in the hepatoprotective effect of Muntingia calabura against CCl4-induced liver injury using LC/MS Q-TOF. J Ethnopharmacol 2015;166:109–18.
Angelin M. Pengaruh Kombinasi Probiotik, Air Kelapa Muda Dan Vitamin E Terhadap Kadar Ureum, Kreatinin Dan IL-6 (Studi Eksperimental pada Tikus Jantan Galur Wistar model acute kidney injury akibat induksi Gentamicin) 2024.
Wibowo FP. Pengaruh Pemberian Nanoemulsi Jahe Merah (Zingiber Officinale Var Rubrum Rhizoma) Terhadap Kadar Kreatinin Studi Eksperimental pada Tikus Putih Jantan Galur Wistar yang Diinduksi Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction (UUO) 2024.
Yoga A. Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol 96% Kulit Batang Bakau Minyak (Rhizophora apiculata) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Ureum Dan Kadar Kreatinin Darah Pada Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) Yang Diinduksi Gentamisin 2025.
Annisa Rizki W. Pengaruh Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Biji Ketumbar (Coriandrum sativum L.) Terhadap Histopatologi Ginjal Tikus Putih Jantan (Rattus norvegicus) Yang Diinduksi Parasetamol 2025.
Tuldjannah M, Tadjio YK, Tandi J. Efek Nefroprotektif Ekstrak Daun Gedi Merah Terhadap Kadar Kreatinin/Ureum Tikus Putih Jantan Diinduksi Etilenglikol. Farmakol J Farm 2018;15:160–7.
Ishak P. Efek Nefroprotektif Ekstrak Daun Sambung Nyawa (Gynura procumbens) Terhadap Tikus Putih (Rattus novergicus) Terinduksi Paracetamol Dosis Toksik 2021.
Rani IHA, Nopa Arlianti SKM. Dasar-Dasar Statistika dan Probabilitas dalam Ilmu Sains. Deepublish; 2024.
Kurniawan H, Rusmayadi G, Achjar KAH, Merliza P, Suprayitno D, Subiyantoro A, et al. Buku ajar statistika dasar. PT. Sonpedia Publishing Indonesia; 2024.
Priyanto Y, Christijanti W, Lisdiana L, Marianti A. Aktivitas antioksidan daun kelor (Moringa oleifera) pada tikus diabetik induksi aloksan. Life Sci 2023;12:97–106.
Sandhiutami NMD, Desmiaty Y, Anbar A. Efek antioksidan ekstrak etanol biji pepaya (Carica papaya L.) terhadap aktivitas enzim superoksida dismutase dan kadar malondialdehid pada mencit stress oksidatif dengan perenangan. J Ilmu Kefarmasian Indones 2016;14:23–6.
Alamsyah A. Pengaruh Ekstrak Propolis (Metode CMCE) Terhadap Kadar MDA dan Degenerasi Tubulus Renalis:(Studi Eksperimental Pada Tikus Jantan Galur Wistar (Rattus Norvegicus) Diinduksi Oleh Gentamicin) 2021.
Zamzamy MR. Pengaruh Potasium Oksonat terhadap kadar asam urat serum, SOD (Superoxide dismutase), dan MDA (Malondialdehyde) pada mencit (Mus musculus) 2025.