Permeability Test of Asiaticoside Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SNEDDS) Formulation from Pegagan Leaves (Centella asiatica L.) Ethanolic Extract Using Everted Gut Sac Method
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Tri Buana Tungga Dewi, Gunawan Setiyadi (2026). Permeability Test of Asiaticoside Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems (SNEDDS) Formulation from Pegagan Leaves (Centella asiatica L.) Ethanolic Extract Using Everted Gut Sac Method. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences, JPS Volume 9 Nomor 4 (2026). https://doi.org/10.36490/journal-jps.com.v9i4.1854
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Abstract
Asiaticoside is an active compound in pegagan leaves (Centella asiatica L.) with low solubility and a relatively high molecular weight, which may limit its absorption. This study aimed to determine the effect of a Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System (SNEDDS) on the permeability of asiaticoside from the ethanolic extract of pegagan leaves using everted gut sac method. The study used 10 male rats divided into two groups: extract with SNEDDS and extract without SNEDDS. The concentration of asiaticoside in the serosal fluid was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography. The permeability coefficient was 3.13 × 10⁻³ cm/min in the SNEDDS group and 0.74 × 10⁻³ cm/min in the group without SNEDDS, with an enhancement ratio of 3.97. The lag time was 18.17 minutes for the SNEDDS group and 22.42 minutes for the group without SNEDDS. Data were analyzed using the Shapiro–Wilk normality test, followed by non-parametric tests. However, the Mann–Whitney test results indicated no significant difference between the SNEDDS group and the extract-only group regarding permeability or lag time (p > 0.05). These non-significant results were likely due to high inter-individual variability among the test animals and the relatively small sample size. Thus, while the SNEDDS system showed a descriptive trend toward increased permeability and reduced lag time for asiaticoside, this effect was not supported by statistically significant evidence under the conditions of this study
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