Stability Test of Mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L.) Leaf Extract Gel and Antibacterial Activity Against Staphylococcus aureus
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Page: 2505-2512
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive bacterium that can multiply in body tissues and cause disease. Treatment of infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria can be done with the use of antibacterial agents. One natural ingredient that contains active compounds with potential antibacterial properties is mugwort leaves (Artemisia vulgaris L.). This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity and physical stability of mugwort leaf extract gel against Staphylococcus aureus. The method used to test antibacterial activity in this study was disc diffusion, measuring the zone of inhibition formed around the paper disc. The concentrations of mugwort leaf extract gel tested and formulated were 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. The physical stability of the gel was tested using a cycling test, with observations before and after the test. The results showed that mugwort leaf extract has antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The antibacterial activity test for the gel yielded results of 5% gel: 4.17 mm, 7.5%: 5.67 mm, and 10%: 8.17 mm. The physical stability test results showed that the gel was homogeneous, had good spreadability and pH, and had good physical stability.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
References
Sari YR, Niken. Uji daya hambat ekstrak daun kirinyuh (Chromolaena odorata) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. J Kesehat Saintika Meditory. 2023;6:365–75.
Khasanah N, Devi E, Rianti D. Pengaruh tinggi konsentrasi propolis terhadap efektivitas daya hambat pada bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. 2022:198–204.
Seko MH, Sabuna AC, Ngginak J. Ekstrak etanol daun ajeran sebagai antibakteri terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. J Biosains. 2021;7:1–9.
Mainali TR, Shrestha B, Dallakoti S, Gurung S. Preliminary phytochemical screening, antibacterial and antifungal activity of Artemisia vulgaris Teeka. 2024:126–31.
Khasfah D, Shobah AN, Staini SN, Noviyanto F. Efektivitas antifungi ekstrak etanol daun baru cina (Artemisia vulgaris L.) terhadap pertumbuhan Candida albicans. J Farmamedika. 2023;8:36–45.
Thi PTN, Trinh N, Tien LX, Danh TT. Bacterial activities of Artemisia vulgaris L. essential oil in Vietnam. Nat Prod Commun. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1177/1934578X241275782.
Agustiani FRT, Sjahid LR, Nursal FK. Kajian literatur: peranan berbagai jenis polimer sebagai gelling agent terhadap sifat fisik sediaan gel. 2022;7:270–87.
Novitasari M, Amboro W. Formulasi gel tabir surya ekstrak daun teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) dan penentuan nilai sun protection factor (SPF). Avicenna J Health Res. 2021;4:107–15.
Syahria M, Zulkarnain I, Indonesia M. Formulasi dan evaluasi efektivitas kelembaban sediaan gel lidah buaya (Aloe vera Linn.). Nusant Hasana J. 2026;5:30–43.
Afifah N, Riyanta AB, Amananti W. Pengaruh waktu maserasi terhadap hasil skrining fitokimia pada ekstrak daun mangga harum manis (Mangifera indica L.). J Crystal Publ Penelit Kim Ter. 2023;5:54–61.
Ulfah A, Nastiti K, Kurniawati D, Hakim AR. Penetapan kadar flavonoid dan aktivitas antioksidan ekstrak etanol daun bangkal (Nauclea subdita (Korth)) menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis. J Pharm Care Sci. 2024;5:29–39.
Lestari U, Muhaimin M, Maimum M, Yuliana Y. Antioxidant activity and phytochemical content of green and red leaf ethanol extracts of red shoots (Syzygium myrtifolium Walp.). 2025;12:191–9.
Naufal M, Ananta F, Nuralyza I, Solehah K, Pratama IS. Skrining fitokimia ekstrak air dan ekstrak etanol 70% propolis Trigona sp. asal Lombok Utara. 2024;5.
Syaron P, Sientje M, Irma L, Kimia P. Uji senyawa fitokimia dan aktivitas antioksidan tanaman patah tulang (Euphorbia tirucalli L.). 2020;9:64–9.
Setiani I, Endriyatno NC. Formulasi gel ekstrak buah tomat (Solanum lycopersicum L.) dengan variasi konsentrasi HPMC serta uji fisiknya. 2023;3:378–90.
Rizal R, Maharani V. Formulasi sediaan spray gel ekstrak etanol pegagan (Centella asiatica (L.) Urban) dan uji daya tabir surya. 2023;1:48–59.
Kaban VE, Nasri N, Syahputra HD, Fitri R. Formulasi sediaan gel dari ekstrak metanol biji alpukat (Persea americana Mill.) sebagai penyembuh luka sayat pada tikus jantan (Rattus norvegicus). Herb Med J. 2022;5:12–8.
Wahidah S, Ayu G, Saputri R. Formulasi dan uji stabilitas sediaan gel ekstrak etanol daun asam jawa (Tamarindus indica L.) dengan variasi gelling agent. J Mandala Pharmacon Indones. 2024;10:508–18.
Anggoro N, Endriyatno NC. Formulasi gel ekstrak daun sirih cina (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) variasi Carbopol 940 serta uji fisik dan stabilitasnya. Sasambo J Pharm. 2024;5.
Slamet, Anggun BD, Pambudi DB. Uji stabilitas fisik formula sediaan gel ekstrak daun kelor (Moringa oleifera Lamk.). J Ilm Kesehat. 2020;13:115–22.
Nafisah U, Suhesti I, Albetia P. Formulation and antibacterial activity of liquid soap containing a combination of citronella (Cymbopogon nardus L. Rendle), cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni Ness ex Bl.), and lemon (Citrus limon L.) essential oils against Staphylococcus epidermidis. 2022;19:63–70.
Niken, Yusuf RN. Uji aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak kulit jeruk Gunung Omeh (Citrus nobilis Lour.) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus pada kulit. J Kesehat Med Saintika. 2024;15:55–61.
Ninsih UA, Tenri A, Lambogo B, Imaniar M. Formulasi gel ekstrak etanol daun sirih cina serta aktivitasnya terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri penyebab jerawat Propionibacterium acnes dan Staphylococcus aureus. As-Syifaa J Farm. 2022;14:1–10.
Yusuf AL, Nugraha D, Wahlanto P, Indriastuti M, Ismail R, Himah FA. Formulasi dan evaluasi sediaan gel ekstrak buah pare (Momordica charantia L.) dengan variasi konsentrasi Carbopol 940. Pharm Genius. 2022;1:50–61.
Hilmarni, Azzahra IR, Yulia M. Formulasi sediaan gel ekstrak etanol daun torbangun (Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng.) dengan penambahan minyak zaitun (Olea europaea). Menara Ilmu. 2023;17:1–8.
Endah SRN, Shintia C, Nofriyaldi A. Stability test of gel hand sanitizer containing ethanol extract of nutmeg leaves (Myristica fragrans Houtt.) with variation of HPMC and glycerine concentrations. Food Pharm Sci. 2021;9:395–402.
Nadlif AM, Walid M. Daya hambat ekstrak metanol daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus. OBAT J Ris Ilmu Farm Kesehat. 2024;2:76–86.