Potensi Farmakologis Genus Chloranthus Sebagai Agen Antioksidan, Sitotoksik, Dan Anti-Inflamasi: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis
Statistik artikel
Data OJS dan sumber sitasiTayangan dan unduhan adalah aktivitas yang tercatat di OJS; pemrosesan statistik dapat tertunda. Tanda — berarti angka dari sumber tersebut belum tersedia. Cari di Google Scholar
Bilah Samping Artikel
Muhammad Wildan Firdaus, Haryoto (2025). Potensi Farmakologis Genus Chloranthus Sebagai Agen Antioksidan, Sitotoksik, Dan Anti-Inflamasi: Sebuah Tinjauan Sistematis. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Sciences, JPS Volume 8 Nomor 3 (2025). https://doi.org/10.36490/journal-jps.com.v8i3.950
Isi Artikel Utama
Abstrak
Genus Chloranthus (famili Chloranthaceae) telah lama dikenal dalam pengobatan tradisional Asia sebagai agen antiinflamasi, namun eksplorasi ilmiahnya dalam dekade terakhir mengungkap potensi farmakologis yang jauh lebih luas. Tinjauan sistematis ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi bukti eksperimental terkini mengenai aktivitas antioksidan, sitotoksik, dan antiinflamasi dari senyawa Chloranthus, serta mengelaborasi mekanisme molekuler yang terlibat. Studi dipilih melalui pencarian terstruktur di basis data ilmiah menggunakan kombinasi kata kunci spesifik, diseleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi-eksklusi yang ketat, dan dianalisis secara tematik. Hasil menunjukkan dominasi senyawa seskuiterpenoid, khususnya tipe lindenana (monomer, dimer, trimer), yang secara konsisten menunjukkan aktivitas antiinflamasi melalui inhibisi jalur NF-κB, MAPK, dan modulasi inflammasom NLRP3. Selain itu, aktivitas antioksidan melalui jalur Nrf2/Keap1 dan efek sitotoksik terhadap sel kanker turut diidentifikasi. Hubungan erat antara stres oksidatif dan inflamasi tercermin pada senyawa dengan aktivitas ganda yang menekan ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) sekaligus sitokin proinflamasi. Temuan ini menegaskan Chloranthus sebagai sumber senyawa bioaktif yang menjanjikan untuk pengembangan obat multitaraf. Penelitian lanjutan dengan pendekatan multidisiplin diperlukan untuk validasi in vivo, elusidasi mekanisme lanjutan, dan eksplorasi sumber hayati baru.
Rincian Artikel
Terbitan
Bagian
Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Cara Mengutip
Referensi
Musayyaf AF, Haryoto. Determination of Antidiabetic Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Karas Tulang Leaves (Chloranthus Erectus) In Alloxan-Induced Wistar Rats. Int J Med Sci Clin Res Stud 2024;04:2418–22.
Prastanti RF, Haryoto. Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Sitotoksik Ekstak Etanol Daun Karas Tulang (Chlorantus erectus) Terhadap Sl Hela. J Insa Farm Indones 2024;7:410–20. https://doi.org/10.36387/jifi.v7i3.2294.
Ye S, Zheng Q, Zhou Y, Bai B, Yang D, Zhao Z. Chlojaponilactone B attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses by suppressing TLR4-mediated ROS generation and NF-κB signaling pathway. Molecules 2019;24. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24203731.
Wen Q, Zhan B, Jin L, Peng Z, Liu J, Zhu L, et al. Chlojaponilactone B Attenuates THP-1 Macrophage Pyroptosis by Inhibiting the TLR/MyD88/NF-κB Pathway. Pharmaceuticals 2024;17:1–19. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph17030402.
Li Y, Liu W, Xu J, Guo Y. Chlorahololide D, a Lindenane-Type Sesquiterpenoid Dimer from Chloranthus holostegius Suppressing Breast Cancer Progression. Molecules 2023;28. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28207070.
Zhan ZC, Xia YP, Tang Q, Zhu HH, Du JY, Cai JX, et al. Lindenane sesquiterpenoid dimers from Chloranthus holostegius with anti-neuroinflammatory activities in BV-2 microglia. Phytochemistry 2023;215:113859. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2023.113859.
Yin XW, Hu JJ, Ren FC, Pu XD, Yang MY, Yang BY, et al. Anti-inflammatory Lindenane Sesquiterpene Dimers from the Roots of Chloranthus fortunei. ACS Omega 2024;9:34869–79. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.4c04403.
Wang S, Sun Y, Li Y, Xu W, Li Q, Mu Y, et al. Rearranged Lindenane Sesquiterpenoid Trimers from Chloranthus fortunei: Target Discovery and Biomimetic Conversion. J Org Chem 2023;88:347–54. https://doi.org/10.1021/ACS.JOC.2C02372/SUPPL_FILE/JO2C02372_SI_002.ZIP.
Park JH, Choi JW, Ju EJ, Pae AN, Park KD. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of a natural compound, shizukahenriol, through Nrf2 activation. Molecules 2015;20:15989–6003. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules200915989.
Yan H, Xu LL, Zheng XF, Zou XF, Xiao LG, Zhou YS, et al. Sesquiterpenes from Chloranthus holostegius with anti-inflammatory activities. Fitoterapia 2024;172:105766. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2023.105766.
Chiu LC, Wang JY, Lin CH, Hsu CH, Lin LC, Fu SL. Diterpenoid compounds isolated from chloranthus oldhamii solms exert anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the ikk/nf-κb pathway. Molecules 2021;26. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26216540.
Nursoleha E, Utami W. ORIGINAL ARTICLE Effectiveness of Combination Glutathione Depletion Agent ( GSH ) and Glutathione S- Transferase ( GST ) Inhibitors of Cisplatin Resistance on Cancer Cells : Systematic Literature Review Efektivitas Kombinasi Agen Pendeplesi Glutathione ( 2025:694–705.
Huang W ming, Bian Y ting, Chen F you, Ning T jiao, Zhu Z ying, Chen Z chao, et al. Chlomultiols A-L, sesquiterpenoids from Chloranthus multistachys and their anti-inflammatory activities. Phytochemistry 2022;193:113001. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2021.113001.
Wu XJ, Cao D, Chen FL, Shen RS, Gao J, Bai LP, et al. Chlorfortunones A and B, Two Sesquiterpenoid Dimers, Possessing Dispiro[4,2,5,2]pentadecane-6,10,14-tren Moiety from Chloranthus fortunei. ACS Omega 2022;7:35063–8. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c03927.
Wang X, Zan Z, Chi J, Huang A, Zhang D, Jiang H, et al. Anti-inflammatory lindenane sesquiterpenoid dimers from the roots of Chloranthus holostegius var. trichoneurus. J Nat Med 2024;78:995–1002. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11418-024-01817-Y/METRICS.
Wang XJ, Yu SZ, Xin JL, Pan LL, Xiong J, Hu JF. Further terpenoids from the Chloranthaceae plant Chloranthus multistachys and their anti-neuroinflammatory activities. Fitoterapia 2022;156:105068. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2021.105068.
Gong X, Zhou Y, Wu P, He L, Ou C, Xiao X, et al. The petroleum ether extracts of Chloranthus fortunei(A. Gray) Solms-Laub.with bioactivities: A rising source in HCC drug treatment. J Ethnopharmacol 2024;333:118414. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JEP.2024.118414.
Liu S, Wang XX, Wang J, Yang H, Zhang ZM, Zhuang PY, et al. Discovery of sesquiterpenoids from the roots of Chloranthus henryi Hemsl. var. hupehensis (Pamp.) K. F. Wu and their anti-inflammatory activity by IKBα/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway suppression. Bioorg Chem 2024;147:107420. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.BIOORG.2024.107420.
Kietrungruang K, Sookkree S, Sangboonruang S, Semakul N, Poomanee W, Kitidee K, et al. Ethanolic Extract Propolis-Loaded Niosomes Diminish Phospholipase B1, Biofilm Formation, and Intracellular Replication of Cryptococcus neoformans in Macrophages. Molecules 2023;28. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28176224.
Feng WJ, Huang PZ, Zhang LM, Ma Q, Hu HY, Gu Y, et al. Anti-inflammatory sesquiterpenoids from Chloranthus japonicus. Phytochemistry 2025;234:114433. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2025.114433.
Feng WJ, Gu Y, Huang PZ, Yang HY, Zhang R, He YL, et al. Chlorajaponins A—Q, Lindenane-Related Sesquiterpenoid Dimers from Chloranthus japonicus and Their Biological Activities. Chinese J Chem 2024;42:1247–59. https://doi.org/10.1002/CJOC.202300731.
Dong X, Qu L, Xiong J, Wang B, Sha X, Wu B, et al. Shizukaol C alleviates trimethylamine oxide-induced inflammation through activating Keap1-Nrf2-GSTpi pathway in vascular smooth muscle cell. Phytomedicine 2024;128:155403. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYMED.2024.155403.
Xiao LG, Huang JX, Yan H, Li YX, Yang XY, Ni W, et al. Highly Fused Lindenane Sesquiterpenoid Dimers with Apoptosis-Inducing Properties from Chloranthus holostegius var. shimianensis. J Org Chem 2025. https://doi.org/10.1021/ACS.JOC.5C00070/SUPPL_FILE/JO5C00070_SI_001.PDF.
Yang Y, Li Y, Hou Y, Qin M, Gong P, Liu J, et al. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of 4-phenoxyquinoline derivatives as potent c-Met kinase inhibitor. Bioorganic Med Chem Lett 2019;29:126666. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.126666.
Bian X xiang, Zhao X, Liu S shan, Wu L, Yin X wen, Shen C pu. Sesquiterpene dimers from Chloranthus fortunei and their protection activity against acute lung injury. Fitoterapia 2022;159:105191. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2022.105191.
Chen F, He M, Xu L, Liu Y, Yang B, Luo Y. Lindenane sesquiterpenoid monomers and oligomers: Chemistry and pharmacological activities. Phytochemistry 2023;215:113866. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2023.113866.
Wang S, Li Y, Wang X, Zhang X, Xu F, Ying P, et al. Fortunilides M-O, anti-inflammatory lindenane sesquiterpenoid dimers from Chloranthus fortunei. Fitoterapia 2023;168:105547. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FITOTE.2023.105547.
Zhou B, Liu QF, Dalal S, Cassera MB, Yue JM. Fortunoids A-C, Three Sesquiterpenoid Dimers with Different Carbon Skeletons from Chloranthus fortunei. Org Lett 2017;19:734–7. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.orglett.7b00066.
Ye S, Wen Q, Zhu L, Qian C, Yang D, Zhao Z. Neuroprotective Effects of a New Derivative of Chlojaponilactone B against Oxidative Damaged Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in PC12 Cells. Molecules 2022;27. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27186049.