The aim of this research was to isolate the endophytic fungi found in leaves and rhizomes of Kaempferia galanga L. and to test its antibacterial activity. Isolation of endophytic fungi is carried out by cultivating and sub-cultivating fungi that found in leaves and rhizomes of Kaempferia galanga L. Identification of endophytic fungi is done by its morphology macroscopically and microscopically. Antibacterial activity testing is carried out by using the agar diffusion method. From the leaves and rhizome of Kaempferia galanga L., five isolates of endophytic fungi were identified as Torulla sp. (KG001), Mucor sp. (KG002), Fusarium sp. (KG003), Geotricum sp. (KG004), and Drechslera sp. (KG005). Three ethyl acetate extracts of the endophytic fungi Torulla sp. (KG001), Fusarium sp. (KG003), and Drechcera sp. (KG005) had antibacterial activity against Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Vibrio cholera) and Gram negative bacterias (Bacillus subtilis and Eschericia coli) at concentration of 3.75%. The ethyl acetate extract endophytic fungi that had strong antibacterial activity (10-20 mm in diameter) were Torulla sp. (KG001) and Drechslera sp. (KG005). Meanwhile, the endophytic fungi that had moderate antibacterial activity (inhibition diameter 5-10 mm) was the ethyl acetate extract Fusarium sp. (KG003).The strongest antibacterial activity was shown by the ethyl acetate extract Drechslera Sp. with an inhibitory diameter 16 mm against Vibrio cholera .
Prihatiningtias W. 2005. Senyawa Bioaktif Fungi Endofit Akar Kuning (Fibraurea hloroleucac Miers) sebagai Senyawa Antimikroba. Yogyakarta: Pascasarjana Universitas Gajah Mada
Tan, R.X.; & Zou, W.X. 2001. Endophytes: A Rich Source Of Functional Metabolites. Nat. Prod. Rep.18 : 448-459.
Strobel, G.A.; & Daisy, B. 2003.Bioprospecting For Microbial Endophytes And Their Natural Products. Microbiol.And Mol. Biology Rev. 67(4): 491502.
Wiyakrutta S., Sriubolmas N., Panphut W., Thongon T et al. 2004. Endophytic fungi with anti-microbial, anti-cancer and anti-malarial activities isolated from Thai medicinal plants. World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology 20: 265–272, 2004.
Departemen Kesehatan RI (Depkes RI).2001. Inventaris Tanaman Obat Indonesia (jilid 2). Jakarta: Depkes RI
Arbain D, Prima, Dedi Putra, Nurainas. 2014. Review Tumbuhan Obat Sumatera. Padang: Universitas Andalas.
Kiuchi F., Nakamura N., Tsuda Y., Kondo K., Yoshimura H. 1988. Studies on Crude Drugs Effective on Visceral Larva Migrans II. Larvacidal Principles in Kaempferia rhizoma. Chem, Pharm. Bull., 36:412-415
Tewtrakul S., Yueyongsawad S., Kummee S., Atsawajaruwan L. 2005. Chemical Components and Biological Activities of Volatile oil of Kaempferia galanga Linn. Songklanakarin J.Sci. Technol., 27 (Supl.2): 503-507
Kim N J., Byun S G., Cho J E., Chung K., Ahn Y J. 2008. Larvacidal Activity of Kaempferia galanga rhizome phenilpropanoids toward three mosquito species. Pest. Manag.Sci. 64: 857-862
Kiuchi F., Nakamura N., Tsuda Y. 1987. 3-caren-5-on from Kaempferia galanga, Phytochemistry, 26(12): 3350-3351
Huang L., Yagura T., Chen S. 2008. Sedative Activity o Hexane extract of Kaempferia galanga L and Its Active Compounds. J Etnopharmacol.30 120(1): 123-125
Tewtrakul S., YuenyongsawadS., Kummee S., Atsawajaruwan L. 2005. Chemical Components and Biological Activities of Volatile Oli of Kaempferia galanga Linn. Songklanakarin. J Sci. Technol., 27 (Suppl):503-507.
Sharma, D., Pramanik, A. & Agrawal, P.K. Evaluation of bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis neglecta BAB-5510 isolated from leaves of Cupressus torulosa D.Don. 3 Biotech 6, 210
Singh, V., Tyagi, A., Chauhan, P.K., Kumari, P., Kaushal, S. 2011. Identification and Prevention of Bacterial Contimination on Explant used in Plant Tissue Culture Labs. Int J Pharm Sci. 3(4):160– 163.
Mihaljevic, I., Dugalic, K., Tomas, V., Viljevac, M., Pranjic, A., Cmelik, Z., Boris, P., Zurković, J. 2013. In Vitro Sterilization Procedures for Micropropagation Of “Oblacinska” Sour Cherry. J Agric Sci Belgrade. 58(2):117–126.
Kjer J, Debbab A, Aly Ah, Proksch P. 2010. Methods For Isolation Of Marine-Derivied Endophytic Fungi And Their Bioactive Secondary Products. Nature Protocols. 5(3):479-490.
Harbone, J.B.1987. Metode Fitokimia Penuntun Cara Modern Menganalisis Tumbuhan. Penerbit ITB: Bandung.
Simes J J H., Tracey J G., Web L J., Dunstand W J. 1959. An Australian Phytochemical Survey III: Saponin in Eastern Australian Flowering Plants. CSIRO. 281: 5-8
Efendi, M.R.2019. Screening of Antibacterial Activity of Extract And Fraction of Flower Petals Mussaenda Frondosa L. Journal of Pharmaceutical And Sciences, 2(1), 38-44.
USP Convention. 2007. United States of Pharmacopeia National Formulary, USP 30/ NF 25. Twinbrook Parkway: United States Pharmacopeial Convention
Yu, H. Zang, L. Zeng, C. Guo, L. Li, W. 2010. Resent divelopments and future prospects of antimicrobialmetabolites produced by endophytes. Microbiological Research. 165: 437-449.
Plasencia, J dan Mirocha CJ. 1991 Isolation and Characterization of Zearalenone Sulfate Produced by Fusarium spp. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 146-150
Branham BE. 1993. Isolation and Characterization of A New Fumonisin From Liquid Cultures Of Fusarium Moniliforme' Journal of Natural Products. 56(9):1630-1633
M. V. Kadkol, MV., Gopalkrishnan K. S., Narasimhachari N. 1971. Isolation and Characterization of Naphthaquinone Pigments from Torula Herbarum (Pers.). Herbarin And Dehydroherbarin. Journal of Antibiotics. 24(4): 245-248
N. Narasimhachari N., Gopalkrishnan Ks. 1973. Naphthaquinone Pigments from Torula Herbarum: Structure of O-Methylherbarin. Journal of Antibiotics. 27(4): 283-287
Strobel G., Kenfield D., Sugawara F. 1988. The Incredible Fungal Genus- Drechslera - and Its Phytotoxic Ophiobolins. Phytoparasitica 16(2): 145-152
Davis WW, Stout TR. 1971. Disc Plate Method of Mikrobiological Antibiotic Assay. Appl Microbiol. 1971.
Handayani D, Harrizul R, Rizka M, Netty S, Roslaili R, Triana H. 2018.Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of endophytic fungi isolated from mangrove plant Sonneratia alba Sm. J App Pharm Sci, 8(02): 049-053.
Pelczar, MJ. 1986. Dasar- Dasar Mikrobiologi. Jakarta : Universitas Indonesia.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.